Tamiru Wondie, Dube Jara and Mulatu Ayana
Introduction: Macrosomia is defined as birth weight of 4,000 gm and above irrespective of gestational age and affects 3-15% of all pregnancies. Multiple factors are related with fetal macrosomia. The factors associated with macrosomia in Debre Markos Referral Hospital were not well known.
Objective: The main aim of this study was to assess factors associated with macrosomia in Debre Markos Referral Hospital Northwest Ethiopia, 2014.
Methods: An institutional based unmatched case control study design was conducted. A total of 338 macrosomic neonates whose weight is >=4000 gm were selected for Cases and 676 normal birth weight neonates whose weight is between 2,500–3,999 gm were selected for the controls using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected from the medical records using data collection checklist. The collected data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 computer programs and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Prior to the analysis, the whole data were cleaned; compiled and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with macrosomia. The results of the study were presented by text and tables based on the types of data.
Results: Neonates born from multiparus women were 1.44 times more likely to have macrosomia as compared to neonates born from primiparus women with 95%CI of AOR (1.05, 1.98). Neonates born post term were 3.67 time more likely to have macrosomia as compared to preterm deliveries with 95% CI of AOR (1.01, 13.32). Maternal complications were significantly associated with neonatal birth weight with (Linear by linear X2 value = 35.9, p- value 0.000).
Conclusion: Multiparty and post maturity were predictors of macrosomia. Maternal complication were common in macrosomic groups and hence preventing multi parity and post maturity decrease the incidence of macrosomia and its maternal complication.